Writing

Egyptians used to write with hieroglyphs on stone. They found out a way to keep it not heavy and that could roll up...paper. The paper was made of papyrus leaves.

Sumerians lived in Sumer. Sumer was in Mesopotamia. Sumerians wrote cuneiform in clay. Cuneiform means wedge-shaped.

Narmur

Who was Narmur?

Narmur was a guy who wanted to be king a lot, so he killed the upper Egypt king and then he wore both crowns to tell them that he ruled upper Egypt and Lower Egypt.

What color was the crown of upper Egyp and lower Egypt?

The upper Egypt crown was white and lower Egypt was red.

Where was Upper Egypt?

Upper Egypt was in the south, lower Egypt was in the north.

How can upper Egypt be in the south?

Well, because it was a mountain and upper Egypt was in the mountain and lower Egypt was down low.

The Nile River

The Nile River is in Africa, it is part of the Fertile Crescent. The water in the Nile goes down and up. It goes up because it rains on the mountain and the water goes down the mountain and into the river and fills it up. The farmers loved it because it gave them water and left behind silt. Silt is something really good for the plants. My mom wants to go into our lake and dig it up and put it all around our plants in our garden. Silt is a soil with lots of vitamins that plants love.

Nomads make a home

The nomads learned that seeds would grow. So they went to damp places and walla! they dropped a seed in the ground and walla! the seed grew. But, some nomads planted in dry ground and they needed a machine to water their plants. So, they built a shaduf (see pictures above). They stopped being nomads and built houses out of reeds, mud brick, whatever was close by. They built houses next to each other so they could take care of each other and help each other. They learned that they could catch animals and keep them inside a center pen; such as horses, goats, sheep. They used them for clothing and meat to eat. This was easier than running around and throwing spears at animals, way easier. They had time to make pottery and build boats. They sailed along the river to other villages and traded with them. They started to get richer and they got scared someone would rob them and then they built really high walls that were stone and they guarded the village. These became the first cities. One of the first cities was Jericho.

Fertile Crescent

The nomads found a place to live with lots of food and water. It was called the Fertile Crescent. So they stayed there for a long time. Tarak, the girl in the story we read, was happy they did not have to eat lizzards anymore, go out and pick food all of the time, and she mostly liked that they had a nice river for swimming in. I would be happy too.

Fertile Crescent means a place that looks like a crescent and a lot of things grow there. The Fertile Crescent is on top of the Red Sea. It stretches from the Nile River to the Persian Gulf.

Unit 1 Assessment

A perfect score!

Reading maps

The compass rose tells you where you have to go; North, South, West, East.

The legend tells you what the little pictures on the map are.

The scale tells you how far you are going.

On the map, I colored the peninsula, the island, the lake, and the river.